The performance of a CAT 320 excavator, as well as other heavy equipment, relies heavily on the engine's efficiency. To ensure optimal performance and prevent breakdowns, it is crucial to maintain clean engine oil.

Below, we have outlined a detailed step-by-step process for draining the engine oil, replacing the engine oil filter, and replenishing the CAT 320 excavator with fresh oil. However, these steps can also be applied to service any other excavator or heavy machinery.

Draining the Engine Oil

To begin, remove the belly pan located underneath the machine. If your machine does not have a belly pan, you can skip this step.

Locate the belly pan and unscrew the bolts. The number of bolts may vary depending on the machine model. In the case of the CAT 320, there are four bolts. Two of these bolts are slotted, allowing for easy removal by simply loosening them. Remove the remaining two bolts and slide the belly pan forward to detach it. The slotted holes also facilitate effortless reinstallation. Slide the belly pan backward and secure it with the bolts, without the need to hold the heavy pan. This process ensures a hassle-free experience.

However, some models may require the unscrewing of all bolts, as there are no slotted holes.

Next, place a bucket underneath the engine to collect the drained oil and prevent any spillage on the ground. Keep an extra bucket nearby in case the initial one becomes full before all the oil is drained. The quantity of oil drained may vary among different machines.

Now, access the engine. In the case of the CAT 320, there is a small ball valve on the hose attached to the engine. Other machines may have a drain plug located at the bottom, which needs to be removed first.

Exercise caution when removing the drain plug, as the oil will begin to flow immediately. Be swift in positioning the bucket to catch the oil.

For the CAT 320, we recommend placing an empty bucket directly beneath the hose pipe and opening the ball valve to release the oil. You may need to unscrew the ball valve multiple times to facilitate faster drainage. Ensure that all the oil is directed into the bucket.

Once the oil has been completely drained, close the ball valve and reattach the belly pan. Ensure that the ball valve is securely tightened, using pliers if necessary. However, avoid excessive tightening.

Changing the Engine Oil Filter

To change the engine oil filter, you must first remove the old one. Begin by loosening the piece under the filter housing using a wrench or a socket in a larger ratchet. Once loosened, carefully remove the piece by hand and immediately place a drain pan beneath the filter housing to catch any dripping engine oil.

With one hand holding the drain pan, use the other hand to remove the filter and set it aside, taking care to maintain balance and prevent any mess. Leave the drain pan in place for a few more minutes to ensure that all the oil is fully drained.

Now need to replace the engine oil filter. Unwrap your new filter and, using your finger, apply a small amount of oil from the filter housing to lubricate the ceiling part of the gasket. This will facilitate easier threading.

And next thing is thread the filter into the housing, tightening it as much as possible to prevent any oil leakage. Use a wrench to tighten it from the bottom until you feel it can no longer be tightened further.

This process is applicable to all machines with canister-style engine oil filters.

Refilling the Engine Oil

Now, let's move on to refilling the engine oil in CAT 320. Start by opening the hood of the engine and locating the engine fill. In the CAT 320, the engine fill is conveniently located at the top of the valve cover, unlike some other models where it may be situated on the side.

Take a funnel and carefully position it to avoid any spills or mess. Then, grab the appropriate engine oil. We recommend using the 15.40 mineral oil, but if you have a different machine, it's best to consult your manufacturer to determine the suitable oil specifications.

When filling the engine oil, take it slow and steady, allowing a minute break between each pour to allow the oil to settle. This will prevent any overflow into the intake system, which could lead to machine failure.

Ensure that you do not overfill the engine with oil. The best way to determine the correct amount is by using the dipstick provided with your machine. Check the dipstick multiple times until you reach the recommended range, neither too low nor too high.

Alternatively, you can estimate the amount needed based on the quantity of oil drained from the engine. For example, if you drained half a bucket of oil, you will need to replace it with half a bucket of clean oil.

Please note that we have recently replaced the engine filter, which may result in a temporary decrease in the engine oil level when starting the engine. To obtain an accurate reading, we have to start the engine, allowing it to fill up, and checking for any potential leaks before determining whether additional oil is required.

To complete this process, kindly reinsert the dipstick, remove the funnel, close the engine and hood, and start the engine for a brief duration of five to ten seconds. If you happen to hear a buzzer, please disregard it, as it simply indicates low engine oil pressure. Once the engine oil filter is filled and sufficient pressure is achieved, the buzzer should automatically turn off.

Once the engine filter is properly filled with oil, it is essential to double-check the engine oil levels. Open the engine again and insert the dipstick. Should you find that the oil level is slightly low, please add an appropriate amount. Ensure that you use a clean funnel to prevent any accidental contamination of the engine. Continue checking the oil levels with the dipstick until it reaches just slightly below the high mark. This will provide sufficient oil for the engine to operate without concerns of low oil levels.

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